Appendix:Grundläggande ord efter kategori

Från Gonjo wiktionary
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En lista med grundläggande ord baserat på 1000 Japanese basic words på Wiktionary.

Substantiv

Människan

Yrken

  • [[]] (“läkare”)
  • [[]] (“(sjuk)sköterska”)
  • [[]] (“tandläkare”)
  • αϥλὁπεκα (“politiker”)
  • [[]] (“advokat”)
  • [[]] (“brandman”)
  • [[]] (“polis”)
  • [[]] (“soldat”)
  • [[]] (“arkitekt”)
  • [[]] (“lärare”)
  • [[]] (“sångare”)
  • [[]] (“ingenjör”)

Kroppen

Familj

  • [[]] (“familj”)
  • μαμα (“föräldrer”)
  • πἱσα (“barn”)
  • μαμα (“fader”)
  • μαμα (“moder”)
  • ϧαϧα (“hustru”)
  • ϧαϧα (“man (gift)”)
  • βἑμα (“syskon”)
  • [[]] (“farfar”)
  • [[]] (“morfar”)
  • [[]] (“farmor”)
  • [[]] (“mormor”)
  • [[]] (“barnbarn”)
  • [[]] (“morbror”)
  • [[]] (“farbror”)
  • [[]] (“faster”)
  • [[]] (“moster”)
  • [[]] (“kusin”)
  • [[]] (“brorson”)
  • [[]] (“systerson”)
  • [[]] (“brordotter”)
  • [[]] (“brorson”)

Djur

  • καηιοπα (“djur”)
  • [[]] (“leopard”)
  • ηαωβα (“hund”)
  • ϣαωφα (“katt”)
  • ϧοομπα (“ko”)
  • γορια (“gris”)
  • γεωχ (“häst”)
  • [[]] (“får”)
  • ϧιμα (“apa”)
  • [[]] (“mus”)
  • [[]] (“tiger”)
  • κοϙοχα (“varg”)
  • [[]] (“kanin”)
  • [[]] (“drake”)
  • [[]] (“hjort”)
  • [[]] (“groda”)
  • [[]] (“padda”)
  • σιμπα (“lejon”)
  • [[]] (“giraff”)
  • [[]] (“elefant”)
  • ορνενα (“fågel”)
  • [[]] (“höna/kyckling”)
  • [[]] (“sparv”)
  • [[]] (“kråka”)
  • [[]] (“örn”)
  • [[]] (“hök”)
  • χεμκα (“fisk”)
  • [[]] (“räka”)
  • [[]] (“sardin”)
  • [[]] (“tonfisk”)
  • [[]] (“bläckfisk”)
  • [[]] (“insekt”)
  • [[]] (“fjäril”)
  • [[]] (“mal”)
  • [[]] (“gräshoppa”)
  • [[]] (“spindel”)
  • [[]] (“eldfluga”)
  • [[]] (“fluga”)
  • [[]] (“mygga”)
  • [[]] (“kackerlacka”)
  • [[]] (“snigel”)
  • σμυρα (“mask”)
  • [[]] (“skaldjur”)
  • [[]] (“mussla”)
  • [[]] (“ödla”)
  • σμἱρα (“orm”)
  • [[]] (“björn”)

Växter

Grödor

Mat

Dryck

Kryddor

Tid

Väder

Directions and positions

Material

Adjectives

Forms

  • ja (“いい”)、ja (“よい”)、ja (“良い”) – good (ii, yoi)
  • ja (“すごい”)、ja (“凄い”) – amazing (sugoi)
  • ja (“すばらしい”)、ja (“素晴らしい”) – wonderful (subarashii)
  • ja (“わるい”)、ja (“悪い”) – bad, inferior (warui)
  • ja (“たかい”)、ja (“高い”) – expensive, high (takai)
  • ja (“ひくい”)、ja (“低い”) – low (hikui)
  • ja (“やすい”)、ja (“安い”) – cheap (yasui)
  • ja (“おおきい”)、ja (“大きい”) – big (ōkii)
  • ja (“ちいさい”)、ja (“小さい”) – small (chiisai)
  • ja (“ほそい”)、ja (“細い”) – thin (hosoi)
  • ja (“ふとい”)、ja (“太い”) – thick (futoi)
  • ja (“ふるい”)、ja (“古い”) – old (furui)
  • ja (“あたらしい”)、ja (“新しい”) – new (atarashii)
  • ja (“わかい”)、ja (“若い”) – young (wakai)
  • ja (“かるい”)、ja (“軽い”) – light, easy (karui)
  • ja (“おもい”)、ja (“重い”) – heavy (omoi)
  • ja (“やさしい”)、ja (“易しい”) – easy, simple (yasashii)
  • ja (“むずかしい”)、ja (“難しい”) – difficult (muzukashii)
  • ja (“やわらかい”)、ja (“柔らかい”) – soft (yawarakai)
  • ja (“かたい”)、ja (“硬い”)、ja (“堅い”) – hard (katai)
  • ja (“あつい”)、ja (“熱い”)、ja (“暑い”) – hot (atsui)
  • ja (“つめたい”)、ja (“冷たい”) – cold (tsumetai)
  • ja (“さむい”)、ja (“寒い”) – cold (samui) as in cold weather
  • ja (“おいしい”)、ja (“美味しい”) – delicious (oishii)
  • ja (“うまい”)、ja (“美味い”)、ja (“旨い”) – delicious, appetizing (umai)
  • ja (“まずい”)、ja (“不味い”) – tastes awful (mazui)
  • ja (“あまい”)、ja (“甘い”) – sweet (amai)
  • ja (“からい”)、ja (“辛い”) – hot [spicy] (karai)
  • ja (“しょっぱい”)、ja (“塩っぱい”) – salty (shoppai)
  • ja (“にがい”)、ja (“苦い”) – bitter (nigai)
  • ja (“うつくしい”)、ja (“美しい”) – beautiful (utsukushii)

Feelings

  • ja (“うれしい”)、ja (“嬉しい”) – happy (ureshii)
  • ja (“たのしい”)、ja (“楽しい”) – fun (tanoshii)
  • ja (“かなしい”)、ja (“悲しい”) – sad (kanashii)
  • ja (“さびしい”)、ja (“寂しい”)、ja (“淋しい”) – lonely (sabishii)
  • ja (“さみしい”)、ja (“寂しい”)、ja (“淋しい”) - sad, lonely (samishii)
  • ja (“こわい”)、ja (“怖い”)、ja (“恐い”) – scary (kowai)
  • ja (“いたい”)、ja (“痛い”) – painful (itai)
  • ja (“かゆい”)、ja (“痒い”) – itchy (kayui)
  • ja (“くさい”)、ja (“臭い”) – stinky (kusai)
  • ja (“つらい”)、ja (“辛い”) – painful, heart-breaking (tsurai)

Verbs

  • ja (“する”) – to do (suru)
  • ja (“やる”) – to do (yaru)

Existence

  • ja (“いる”) – to exist [for animate objects] (iru)
  • ja (“ある”) – to exist [for inanimate objects] (aru)
  • ja (“なる”) – to become (naru)
  • ja (“おこる”)、ja (“起こる”)、ja (“興る”) – to occur (okoru)
  • ja (“あらわれる”)、ja (“現れる”) – to appear (arawareru)
  • ja (“いきる”)、ja (“生きる”) – to live (ikiru)
  • ja (“うむ”)、ja (“生む”)、ja (“産む”) – to give birth (umu)
  • ja (“しぬ”)、ja (“死ぬ”) – to die (shinu)
  • ja (“こわれる”)、ja (“壊れる”) – to breakin (kowareru)
in intransitive sense

Movement

  • ja (“いく”)、ja (“行く”) – to go (iku)
  • ja (“くる”)、ja (“来る”) – to come (kuru)
  • ja (“かえる”)、ja (“帰る”)、ja (“返る”) – to return (kaeru)
  • ja (“あるく”)、ja (“歩く”) – to walk (aruku)
  • ja (“とぶ”)、ja (“飛ぶ”) – to jump, to fly (tobu)
  • ja (“およぐ”)、ja (“泳ぐ”) – to swim (oyogu)

Actions

  • ja (“うごく”)、ja (“動く”) – to movein (ugoku)
  • ja (“おどる”)、ja (“踊る”) – to dance (odoru)
  • ja (“ねる”)、ja (“寝る”) – to sleep (neru)
  • ja (“うたう”)、ja (“歌う”) – to sing (utau)
  • ja (“かむ”)、ja (“噛む”) – to bite (kamu)
  • ja (“たべる”)、ja (“食べる”) – to eat (taberu)
  • ja (“のむ”)、ja (“飲む”) – to drink (nomu)
  • ja (“さわる”)、ja (“触る”) – to touch (sawaru)
  • ja (“なげる”)、ja (“投げる”) – to throw (nageru)
  • ja (“もつ”)、ja (“持つ”) – to hold (motsu)
  • ja (“うつ”)、ja (“打つ”) – to hit, to strike (utsu)
  • ja (“なぐる”)、ja (“殴る”) – to hit, to strike (naguru)
  • ja (“さす”)、ja (“指す”) – to point (sasu)
  • ja (“さす”)、ja (“刺す”) – to stab (sasu)
  • ja (“さす”)、ja (“差す”) – to raise or extend one's hands (sasu)
  • ja (“ける”)、ja (“蹴る”) – to kick (keru)
  • ja (“すわる”)、ja (“座る”) – to sit (suwaru)
  • ja (“たつ”)、ja (“立つ”) – to stand (tatsu)
  • ja (“はしる”)、ja (“走る”) – to run (hashiru)

Changes of state

Senses

  • ja (“みる”)、ja (“見る”) – to see (miru)
  • ja (“きく”)、ja (“聞く”)、ja (“聴く”) – to hear, to listen (kiku)
  • ja (“さわる”)、ja (“触る”) – to touch, to feel (sawaru)
  • ja (“かぐ”)、ja (“嗅ぐ”) – to smell (kagu)

Speech

  • ja (“いう”)、ja (“言う”) – to say (iu)
  • ja (“はなす”)、ja (“話す”) – to speak (hanasu)
  • ja (“かたる”)、ja (“語る ”) – to tell (kataru)
  • ja (“かく”)、ja (“書く”) – to write (kaku)
  • ja (“よむ”)、ja (“読む”) – to read (yomu)

Work

  • ja (“つかう”)、ja (“使う”) – to use (tsukau)
  • ja (“つくる”)、ja (“作る”)、ja (“造る”)、ja (“創る”) – to make (tsukuru)
  • ja (“なおす”)、ja (“直す”)、ja (“治す”) – to fix, repair (naosu)
  • ja (“すてる”)、ja (“捨てる”) – to discard, throw away (suteru)
  • ja (“とる”)、ja (“取る”)、ja (“撮る”)、ja (“採る”) – to take (toru)
  • ja (“おく”)、ja (“置く”) – to put (oku)

Emotions

  • ja (“かなしむ”)、ja (“悲しむ”)、ja (“哀しむ”) – to be sad (kanashimu)
  • ja (“なく”)、ja (“泣く”) – to cry (naku)
  • ja (“わらう”)、ja (“笑う”) – to laugh (warau)
  • ja (“おこる”)、ja (“怒る”) – to be angry (okoru)
  • ja (“ほめる”)、ja (“褒める”) – to encourage (homeru)
  • ja (“しかる”)、ja (“叱る”) – to scold (shikaru)
  • ja (“よろこぶ”)、ja (“喜ぶ”) – to celebrate, to be jubilant, to have joy, to have delight, to have rapture (yorokobu)
  • ja (“よろこび”)、ja (“喜び”) – joy, delight, rapture (yorokobi)
  • ja (“なぐさめる”)、ja (“慰める”) – to console, to consolate, to provide empathy (nagusameru)
  • ja (“あきる”)、ja (“飽きる”) – to be disinterested, to be bored, to be tired of, to be weary (akiru)
  • ja (“おどろく”)、ja (“驚く”) – to be astonished, to be surprised, to be scared (odoroku)

Activities

  • ja (“あう”)、ja (“会う”) – to meet, to interview (au)
  • ja (“あける”)、ja (“開ける”) – to opentr, to unwraptr (akeru)
  • ja (“あそぶ”)、ja (“遊ぶ”) – to play (asobu)
  • ja (“あつまる”)、ja (“集まる”) – to gatherin (atsumaru)
  • ja (“うる”)、ja (“売る”) – to sell (uru)
  • ja (“える”)、ja (“得る”) – to obtain [some benefit or knowledge] (eru)
  • ja (“おる”)、ja (“折る”) – to breaktr, to foldtr (oru)
  • ja (“かう”)、ja (“買う”) – to buy (kau)
  • ja (“きる”)、ja (“切る”) – to cut (kiru)†
  • ja (“きる”)、ja (“着る”) – to wear [on the upper body] (kiru)
  • ja (“はく”)、ja (“履く”) – to wear [on the lower body] (haku)
  • ja (“かえる”)、ja (“変える”) – to changetr (kaeru)
  • ja (“かえる”)、ja (“代える”) – to exchange, to substitute, to replace (kaeru)
  • ja (“しめる”)、ja (“閉める”) – to closetr (shimeru)
  • ja (“しめる”)、ja (“締める”) – to tie, to fasten (shimeru)
  • ja (“しめる”)、ja (“占める”) – to comprise, to account for (shimeru)
  • ja (“しる”)、ja (“知る”) – to know (shiru)†
  • ja (“つかれる”)、ja (“疲れる”) – to get tired (tsukareru)
  • ja (“でかける”)、ja (“出掛ける”) – to go out, to depart (dekakeru)
  • ja (“はたらく”)、ja (“働く”) – to work [e.g., at a job] (hataraku)
  • ja (“はなす”)、ja (“放す”)、ja (“離す”) – to let go of (hanasu)
  • ja (“やすむ”)、ja (“休む”) – to rest, to take a break, to go to bed (yasumu)
  • ja (“わかれる”)、ja (“分かれる”) – to split intoin, to be divided (wakareru)
  • ja (“わかれる”)、ja (“別れる”) – to partin, to separatein, to break upin (wakareru)
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